EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY POLITICAL FORMATIONS POLITICAL
. 1. What were three common features among Bengal, Awadh and Hyderabad ? Ans: First, though many of the larger states were established by earlier Mughal nobles and they had inherited, in particular the jagirdari system of the administration. Second all three regimes contracted with revenue-farmers for the collection of revenue. Third common feature in all these regional states was their emerging relationship with rich bankers and merchants. 2. What were the causes behind decline of Mughal empire? Ans Aurangzeb had depleted the military and financial resources of his empire by fighting a long war in the Deccan . It became increasingly difficult for the later Mughal emperors to keep a check on their powerful mansabdars. Peasant and zamindari rebellions in many parts of northern and western India . The attack by Iran ruler Nadir Shah in 1739 and Afghan ruler Ahmad shah abdali between 1748 and 1761 also weaken the empire. 3. How much wealth were plundered b...